Showing posts with label History. Show all posts
Showing posts with label History. Show all posts
05 August 2014
Basketball, Black Struggle
History of Sports
NBA All-Star highlights, held in New Orleans, USA, February 14 to 16 2014, full of excitement. Glitter party entertainment is at once reminded again, basketball bitter memories of segregation, namely discrimination on the basis of skin color.
Less than 10 years after basketball James Naismith discovered in 1891, it started playing the sport of black people, including women. Black basketball club is growing rapidly in the 1920s, but black players playing in the league should not be white. Finally, black players formed their own league.
The League players match live around blacks, the day can play four times. The team that debuted at that time was the Harlem Globetrotters, the New York Renaissance, and Philadelphia tribunes.
Entering the 1930s, segregation is so strong. The black players rejected by hotels and restaurants. In the tour, they were forced to sleep on the bus and a potluck meal. In fact, the distance between where the game can be hundreds of kilometers.
point changes
Change occurs when World War II broke out. Club basketball athletes because of lack of white players drafted into the army. This is a golden opportunity for black players.
Chicago Studebakers is the first basketball club which eliminates segregation due reinforced black and white players. Chicago Studebakers step was followed by other clubs so it's pretty much black players playing in the white club.
After the National Basketball League and the Basketball Association of America joined together to form the National Basketball Association (NBA) in 1949, the NBA opened the door wide open for black players.
Harold Hunter was the first black player signed to play in the NBA for the New York Knicks in 1950.
Since then, black players started to become a football star. But, still override the discriminatory treatment of black players, such as discrimination and attitudes of supporters.
Bill Russell (80), Boston Celtics legend, is the player who most loudly protesting the discriminatory treatment. Russell, 11 time NBA champion and five-time NBA best player was, until now actively voicing equality.
Kareem Abdul-Jabbar, a legendary LA Lakers player, said, he began to play basketball in the 1960's when black people still treated differently.
"At that time black people angry at the situation, but do not know what to do. Bill Russell taught me to control the anger and channel it intelligently without violence," said Kareem Abdul-Jabbar when attending the event giving grace to Bill Russell in New Orleans.
Currently, discrimination against blacks, especially in basketball, only a memory. Many NBA stars with fame and fortune are exorbitant black players. Michael Jordan, Kobe Bryant, LeBron James, and the others are a few examples.
Basketball became an example, sport is a world without borders; state boundaries, political ideology, race, or beliefs. (Vishnu ad)
25 July 2014
Finding Complex Railway Station in Indonesia
Traces track Milestones
Railway fringe
City of Semarang, Central Java, as a starting point railroad passengers and goods in Indonesia undeniable. However, finding the exact position of the first railway station complex in Indonesia, it makes a lot of disagreement.
Version where the first station is different. Some of the books published in Indonesia mentioned three names. However, only one is supposed to be true.
"It was very important for the history of the railways," said Tjahjono Rahardjo of Indonesian Railway Preservation Society (IRPS) Regional Coordinator (Regional Coordinator) Semarang, (02/20/2014) in Semarang. He is professor of Environmental and Urban Master Program at the Catholic University (Unika) Soegijapranata, Semarang.
In 2009, he traced the crowded areas in Gang Spoorland, Ronggowarsito Road, Village Kemijen, East Semarang, along with two co-IRPS is Deddy Herlambang and Karyadi Baskoro. Assisted by local residents, Ramelan, they found traces of Semarang station is almost gone and neglected as a first railway station.
Before the search, Karyadi Baskoro who find the coordinates of the location of the Station in Semarang. Then, the exact location can be traced.
Koninklijk Instituut voor de Tropen and photographs Koninklijk Instituut voor collection Taal- Land- en Volkenkunde (KITLV), then the combined maps from satellite imagery via Google Earth program.
Referrals are taken from the book manuscript many op Java Spoorwegstations posts Ballegoijen Michiel van de Jong (Amsterdam, 1993). Dated August 10, 1867, for the first time officially operated passenger trains from the station towards Tangoeng Semarang (Tanggung) stops along the 25 kilometer cross-Toewa Allas (Alas Tua) and Broemboeng (Brumbabung).
Construction of the station and the tracks lasted three years. The ground breaking on June 17, 1864 by the Governor General of the Dutch East Indies LAJW Baron Sloet va Beele.
Nederlandsch-Indische Maatschappij Spoorweg, abbreviated as NIS, referred to as a Dutch private company that owns and operates the rail transport of passengers and goods for the Semarang-Tangoeng path.
uncover
Before tracing the footsteps of the Station in Semarang in 2009, information is the first station in Indonesia Semarang Station Warehouse in Tambaksari, Kemijen. Also called Kemijen Station in Kemijen, Semarang. Both are adjacent.
Semarang Station Warehouse, Station Kemijen, and Semarang station was located in a region in Sub Kemijen now. But years of existence and different functions.
Historic railway complex that now many missing tracks. Decrease in surface soil makes the area inundated by overflow Kemijen complex tides (rob) and turned into a swamp.
According to residents of Depo Indah Boarding in the railway complex, inaugurated in 1985 Tanjung Emas, location of 2-3 kilometers from the railway station complex Semarang. "Since it is often flooded. Surface is ground down so it must be added every year". Rapid soil degradation makes sense. New port filled with large corporations who suck the soil.
Five important buildings
Semarang Station complex originally had five important buildings, including personenstation (passenger station), goederenstation (freight station), vaart van het station (station channel), Werkplaatsen (workshop or Workshop), and the station chef (the official residence of the head of the station).
The fifth building was now difficult to trace their original form. In addition to building construction and a lot of lost ground subsidence, inundation tidal marshes make. Ground subsidence estimated 3 meters. Through the excavation, the original building is still likely to be found. At least the foundations of the original building.
Important advance in the building before the Station in Semarang passenger station U-shaped form of the building there is a junction railway station to the north towards the canal. There, distribute trains to ship goods. Important ingredient when it exports include teak, sugar, coffee, and crops.
Station located at the intersection of goods other than the canal path to the station. Items that have not been accommodated in the station ready to ship the goods. Then, at the next station there is a passenger depot / workshop trains.
Now, the workshop called Workshop. Building Workshop greatest and shaped letter E. The trail now goes down the ground and covered swamp.
Analysis of ancient map
Ancient maps of the Koninklijk Instituut voor de Troprn (KIT / Royal Tropical Institute). Amsterdam, the Netherlands, tells a lot about the development of the station complex on the edge of Semarang Tanjung Emas now. Map in 1867, when the station was inaugurated Semarang, shows a simple rail line that connects the passenger station, canal station, freight station, and Workshop. The rail line connecting the station to the east of Semarang to Responsibility.
1898 map shows, the development of a rail line from the station until the end of the canal followed the main channel ports. This is due to the connecting channel no longer exists so the rail line continued until the main port.
The west wing of the building before the NIS office. The office then moved to Lawang Sewu building.
Based on the map in 1917, the major railroads NIS no longer stops at the Station in Semarang, but continues to Tawang Station. At KIT ancient map after 1925, there is a picture removed Semarang station and there were raised again.
That's what led to the first station information in Indonesia will disappear. However, traces of Semarang station building still exists.
During the Japanese occupation of 1942-1945, a difference abolished rail line. Most of the rail line width of 1,435 millimeters 1,067 millimeters shortlisted so. It includes the main rail line connecting the first time Semarang-Surabaya-Yogyakarta NIS.
Semarang station is a piece of the story of the long history of railways in Indonesia. Position as the first railway station no less important to the dynamics of change. That's all history traces extremely valuable, which is still neglected! (nawa)
Railway fringe
City of Semarang, Central Java, as a starting point railroad passengers and goods in Indonesia undeniable. However, finding the exact position of the first railway station complex in Indonesia, it makes a lot of disagreement.
Version where the first station is different. Some of the books published in Indonesia mentioned three names. However, only one is supposed to be true.
"It was very important for the history of the railways," said Tjahjono Rahardjo of Indonesian Railway Preservation Society (IRPS) Regional Coordinator (Regional Coordinator) Semarang, (02/20/2014) in Semarang. He is professor of Environmental and Urban Master Program at the Catholic University (Unika) Soegijapranata, Semarang.
In 2009, he traced the crowded areas in Gang Spoorland, Ronggowarsito Road, Village Kemijen, East Semarang, along with two co-IRPS is Deddy Herlambang and Karyadi Baskoro. Assisted by local residents, Ramelan, they found traces of Semarang station is almost gone and neglected as a first railway station.
Before the search, Karyadi Baskoro who find the coordinates of the location of the Station in Semarang. Then, the exact location can be traced.
Koninklijk Instituut voor de Tropen and photographs Koninklijk Instituut voor collection Taal- Land- en Volkenkunde (KITLV), then the combined maps from satellite imagery via Google Earth program.
Referrals are taken from the book manuscript many op Java Spoorwegstations posts Ballegoijen Michiel van de Jong (Amsterdam, 1993). Dated August 10, 1867, for the first time officially operated passenger trains from the station towards Tangoeng Semarang (Tanggung) stops along the 25 kilometer cross-Toewa Allas (Alas Tua) and Broemboeng (Brumbabung).
Construction of the station and the tracks lasted three years. The ground breaking on June 17, 1864 by the Governor General of the Dutch East Indies LAJW Baron Sloet va Beele.
Nederlandsch-Indische Maatschappij Spoorweg, abbreviated as NIS, referred to as a Dutch private company that owns and operates the rail transport of passengers and goods for the Semarang-Tangoeng path.
uncover
Before tracing the footsteps of the Station in Semarang in 2009, information is the first station in Indonesia Semarang Station Warehouse in Tambaksari, Kemijen. Also called Kemijen Station in Kemijen, Semarang. Both are adjacent.
Semarang Station Warehouse, Station Kemijen, and Semarang station was located in a region in Sub Kemijen now. But years of existence and different functions.
Historic railway complex that now many missing tracks. Decrease in surface soil makes the area inundated by overflow Kemijen complex tides (rob) and turned into a swamp.
According to residents of Depo Indah Boarding in the railway complex, inaugurated in 1985 Tanjung Emas, location of 2-3 kilometers from the railway station complex Semarang. "Since it is often flooded. Surface is ground down so it must be added every year". Rapid soil degradation makes sense. New port filled with large corporations who suck the soil.
Five important buildings
Semarang Station complex originally had five important buildings, including personenstation (passenger station), goederenstation (freight station), vaart van het station (station channel), Werkplaatsen (workshop or Workshop), and the station chef (the official residence of the head of the station).
The fifth building was now difficult to trace their original form. In addition to building construction and a lot of lost ground subsidence, inundation tidal marshes make. Ground subsidence estimated 3 meters. Through the excavation, the original building is still likely to be found. At least the foundations of the original building.
Important advance in the building before the Station in Semarang passenger station U-shaped form of the building there is a junction railway station to the north towards the canal. There, distribute trains to ship goods. Important ingredient when it exports include teak, sugar, coffee, and crops.
Station located at the intersection of goods other than the canal path to the station. Items that have not been accommodated in the station ready to ship the goods. Then, at the next station there is a passenger depot / workshop trains.
Now, the workshop called Workshop. Building Workshop greatest and shaped letter E. The trail now goes down the ground and covered swamp.
Analysis of ancient map
Ancient maps of the Koninklijk Instituut voor de Troprn (KIT / Royal Tropical Institute). Amsterdam, the Netherlands, tells a lot about the development of the station complex on the edge of Semarang Tanjung Emas now. Map in 1867, when the station was inaugurated Semarang, shows a simple rail line that connects the passenger station, canal station, freight station, and Workshop. The rail line connecting the station to the east of Semarang to Responsibility.
1898 map shows, the development of a rail line from the station until the end of the canal followed the main channel ports. This is due to the connecting channel no longer exists so the rail line continued until the main port.
The west wing of the building before the NIS office. The office then moved to Lawang Sewu building.
Based on the map in 1917, the major railroads NIS no longer stops at the Station in Semarang, but continues to Tawang Station. At KIT ancient map after 1925, there is a picture removed Semarang station and there were raised again.
That's what led to the first station information in Indonesia will disappear. However, traces of Semarang station building still exists.
During the Japanese occupation of 1942-1945, a difference abolished rail line. Most of the rail line width of 1,435 millimeters 1,067 millimeters shortlisted so. It includes the main rail line connecting the first time Semarang-Surabaya-Yogyakarta NIS.
Semarang station is a piece of the story of the long history of railways in Indonesia. Position as the first railway station no less important to the dynamics of change. That's all history traces extremely valuable, which is still neglected! (nawa)
17 July 2014
Militancy Caring History Story
LIBRARY GENERAL MEDAYU
A room devoted storing rare books published by the mid-1800s and early 1900s, among them, Oud Batavia F De Haan's work in 1935 and early printed books Mijn Adolf Hitler's work camps.
Recorded journey of a nation, especially in the form of literature that is not uncommon destroyed and lost by war or socio-political conflict. In the Library Medayu General Surabaya, East Java, a few notes of Indonesian history can be saved and continue to be treated in limitations.
The library was located in South Medayu IV Road No. 42-44, Medokan Ayu, Rungkut, Surabaya. Although the building is simple, the contents of the library is priceless. A room devoted storing rare books published by the mid-1800s and early 1900s, among them, Oud Batavia F De Haan's work in 1935 and early printed books Mijn Adolf Hitler's work camps.
Outside the room there are old books that have been very fragile and only a single copy. Rare books that, among others, van Nederlandsch-Indie Statute 1893 and Der Tempel von Borobudur: Eine Studie buddhistische by Dr. Georg Mahn 1919. Two books which had been banned New Order government, such work to the Top Splendor Slamet Mulayana 1968, also on display .
Chinese citizens traveling press also documented the existence of such a collection of Sin Po published magazine in 1920, Keng Po, and the Sun. There are also several books that tell the history of the arrival of the Chinese in Indonesia, like a book written by the Dutch colonial government in 1925, Het Chineesche Zakenleven in Nederlandsch-Indie.
The library has 20,000 collection of books, magazines, newspapers, mostly themed political, social, and cultural. all
The collection was collected and still be able to read up to now thanks to Hiem Hwie Oei (75) who lived in Malang, East Java. Since adolescence, Oei've enjoyed reading and collecting books.
Oei was once a journalist Trumpet The society, which is published daily in Surabaya 1960 that make it easier to obtain, more books. When I became a journalist, interviewing and Oei often close to Bung Karno. Due to its proximity, it also became a political prisoner at the outbreak of Movement 30 September 1965 and jailed for up to Buru Island.
On the island of Buru, Oei it close to the literary maestro, Pramoedya Ananta Toer, who are both being held on the island. Oei had come to help find a reference to the novel This Earth of Mankind, Pramoedya's tetralogy.
Oei experience is what makes the Great Library Surabaya Medayu become more alive. Relics Bung Karno and Pramoedya go on display and add insight to the visitors. Functions into a library and museum in the Supreme Medayu.
Of Bung Karno, Oei save a textbook entitled "Socialism" committee composed of Trustees Spirit of the Revolution in 1962, signed Bung Karno. He also keeps some records of Bung Karno's speech on various occasions.
In addition to having hundreds of Pramoedya's book, Oei also save the original manuscript is in the novel Earth of Mankind by Pramoedya handwritten on a piece of sacks / paper cement. In the back of the library, there is a cement slab 20 cm wide and 34 cm long and weighing 6 pounds. It was used as a tool Pramoedya pres texts just in glue. "Bringing manuscripts and objects from Buru very risky, luckily I can do". Oei said.
limitation
Thanks to the persistence of collecting, storing, and caring for the collection. Indonesian Record Museum (MURI) award to Oei on May 14, 2014. "Figure like Oei is the only one in Indonesia and even in the world".
Oei was surprised to get the award. For him, it was his job to straighten out the history, through all that he did for this. From the beginning, all library collections Medayu General addressed to anyone who wants to learn the other side of Indonesian history has been played by the turn of the New Order
Oei said, the management of the library is still limping along. Substantial operating costs, making many Oei make savings, such as turning off the air conditioner and use the lights as needed.
Money for the operation was obtained from the donors through the foundation. Other income is derived from fees earned by Oei photocopies, no how. All collections visitors may read, but should not be taken home. Visitors can copy the desired collection.
"The workers are also forced to pay below the minimum wage. Fortunately, they have the same call with me to the purpose of the library," said Oei.
In the midst of all the limitations, Oei glad more and more number of visitors. Today, there are an average of 10 visitors who come to the library every day. Some researchers, students, and journalists from several countries has also been stopped. Supreme Medayu has worldwide name, it's a shame if that was pioneered militancy Oei stop halfway. (herpin)
A room devoted storing rare books published by the mid-1800s and early 1900s, among them, Oud Batavia F De Haan's work in 1935 and early printed books Mijn Adolf Hitler's work camps.
Recorded journey of a nation, especially in the form of literature that is not uncommon destroyed and lost by war or socio-political conflict. In the Library Medayu General Surabaya, East Java, a few notes of Indonesian history can be saved and continue to be treated in limitations.
The library was located in South Medayu IV Road No. 42-44, Medokan Ayu, Rungkut, Surabaya. Although the building is simple, the contents of the library is priceless. A room devoted storing rare books published by the mid-1800s and early 1900s, among them, Oud Batavia F De Haan's work in 1935 and early printed books Mijn Adolf Hitler's work camps.
Outside the room there are old books that have been very fragile and only a single copy. Rare books that, among others, van Nederlandsch-Indie Statute 1893 and Der Tempel von Borobudur: Eine Studie buddhistische by Dr. Georg Mahn 1919. Two books which had been banned New Order government, such work to the Top Splendor Slamet Mulayana 1968, also on display .
Chinese citizens traveling press also documented the existence of such a collection of Sin Po published magazine in 1920, Keng Po, and the Sun. There are also several books that tell the history of the arrival of the Chinese in Indonesia, like a book written by the Dutch colonial government in 1925, Het Chineesche Zakenleven in Nederlandsch-Indie.
The library has 20,000 collection of books, magazines, newspapers, mostly themed political, social, and cultural. all
The collection was collected and still be able to read up to now thanks to Hiem Hwie Oei (75) who lived in Malang, East Java. Since adolescence, Oei've enjoyed reading and collecting books.
Oei was once a journalist Trumpet The society, which is published daily in Surabaya 1960 that make it easier to obtain, more books. When I became a journalist, interviewing and Oei often close to Bung Karno. Due to its proximity, it also became a political prisoner at the outbreak of Movement 30 September 1965 and jailed for up to Buru Island.
On the island of Buru, Oei it close to the literary maestro, Pramoedya Ananta Toer, who are both being held on the island. Oei had come to help find a reference to the novel This Earth of Mankind, Pramoedya's tetralogy.
Oei experience is what makes the Great Library Surabaya Medayu become more alive. Relics Bung Karno and Pramoedya go on display and add insight to the visitors. Functions into a library and museum in the Supreme Medayu.
Of Bung Karno, Oei save a textbook entitled "Socialism" committee composed of Trustees Spirit of the Revolution in 1962, signed Bung Karno. He also keeps some records of Bung Karno's speech on various occasions.
In addition to having hundreds of Pramoedya's book, Oei also save the original manuscript is in the novel Earth of Mankind by Pramoedya handwritten on a piece of sacks / paper cement. In the back of the library, there is a cement slab 20 cm wide and 34 cm long and weighing 6 pounds. It was used as a tool Pramoedya pres texts just in glue. "Bringing manuscripts and objects from Buru very risky, luckily I can do". Oei said.
limitation
Thanks to the persistence of collecting, storing, and caring for the collection. Indonesian Record Museum (MURI) award to Oei on May 14, 2014. "Figure like Oei is the only one in Indonesia and even in the world".
Oei was surprised to get the award. For him, it was his job to straighten out the history, through all that he did for this. From the beginning, all library collections Medayu General addressed to anyone who wants to learn the other side of Indonesian history has been played by the turn of the New Order
Oei said, the management of the library is still limping along. Substantial operating costs, making many Oei make savings, such as turning off the air conditioner and use the lights as needed.
Money for the operation was obtained from the donors through the foundation. Other income is derived from fees earned by Oei photocopies, no how. All collections visitors may read, but should not be taken home. Visitors can copy the desired collection.
"The workers are also forced to pay below the minimum wage. Fortunately, they have the same call with me to the purpose of the library," said Oei.
In the midst of all the limitations, Oei glad more and more number of visitors. Today, there are an average of 10 visitors who come to the library every day. Some researchers, students, and journalists from several countries has also been stopped. Supreme Medayu has worldwide name, it's a shame if that was pioneered militancy Oei stop halfway. (herpin)
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